- WAYS in which information is passed between people, because we can't read each others minds.
- not content
- not technology
| Medium | Technology | Content |
| The Spoken Word | tongue, lips, voice box, etc. | ghost story around campfire |
| printing press, paper, ink, etc. | magazine advertisement | |
| Web | HTML, XML, Flash, fiber optic cables, desktop computers, etc. | web site |